| Problem | Cause | Counterm Tool | easure Cutting conditions and others |
| • Increased tool wear | • Select a more wear resistant grade • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Use an insert with a larger nose radius • Use a more lightly honed insert • Use an insert of closer tolerance (from M class to G class) | • Select a proper feed • Decrease the cutting speed • Use a cutting fl uid |
| rface roughness | • Edge chipping | • Use a tougher grade • Select a chipbreaker with strong cutting edges • Use a largely honed insert • Increase the side cutting edge angle • Use a larger shank size | • Decrease the depth of cut • Decrease the feed • Use a more rigid machine • Improve the holding rigidity of the tool and workpiece • Shorten the overhang of the toolholder • Improve the machine looseness |
| Deteriorated su | • Chip welding • Built-up-edge | • Select a grade with less affi nity with the Workpiece material • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Use a more lightly honed insert • Use an insert of closer tolerance (from M class to G class) | • Increase the cutting speed • Increase the feed • Use a water-insoluble cutting fl uid • Use a cutting fl uid |
| • Vibration and chatter | • Use a tougher grade • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Use an insert with a smaller nose radius • Decrease the side cutting edge angle • Use a more lightly honed insert • Use a larger shank size | • Use a proper cutting speed • Decrease the feed • Decrease the depth of cut • Improve the holding rigidity of the tool and workpiece • Shorten the overhang of the toolholder • Improve the machine looseness |
| ted nal cy | • Improper insert accuracy | • Use an insert of closer tolerance (from M class to G class) | |
| Deteriora dimensio accura | • Incomplete engagement of tool and workpiece | • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Use an insert with a smaller nose radius • Use a more lightly honed insert | • Improve the holding rigidity of the tool and workpiece • Shorten the overhang of the toolholder • Improve the machine looseness |
| ce | • Unsuitable cutting speed | | • Decrease the cutting speed • Increase the feed • Use a cutting fl uid |
| Burr occurren | • Worn tool or improper cutting edge geometry | • Use a harder grade • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Increase the relief angle • Use an insert with a smaller nose radius • Decrease the side cutting edge angle • Use a more lightly honed insert | |
| t | • Improper cutting speed | | • Decrease the feed • Decrease the depth of cut |
| Edge breakou | • Worn tool or improper cutting edge geometry | • Use a harder grade • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Increase the side cutting edge angle • Use an insert with a larger nose radius • Use a more lightly honed insert • Use a larger shank size | • Improve the holding rigidity of the tool and workpiece • Shorten the overhang of the toolholder • Improve the machine looseness |
| e fi nish | • Improper cutting conditions | | • Increase the cutting speed • Select a proper feed • Use a water-insoluble cutting fl uid • Use a cutting fl uid |
| Fuzzy surfac i | • Worn tool or improper cutting edge geometry | • Use a harder grade. • Select a grade with less affi nity with the Workpiece material • Use an insert with a larger rake angle • Select a freer-cutting chipbreaker type • Use a more lightly honed insert | |