Parts for ToolsTechnicalReference Cuttingheiegdhgte Shank height Shank width User’s Guide - Technical Reference Tu r n i n g To o l s Name of tools parts End cutting edge angle Indexableinserts Shank Rake face Side relief angle Side rakeangle Cornerradius Side cuttingedge angleCutting edgeinclination End cutting edge(Minor cutting edge) Overall length End relief face Shim Corner (Nose) Side relief face Side cutting edge Front relief angle (Major cutting edge) Relating angles between tool and workpiece Machined surface ap … Depth of cut (Distance between work surface and machined surface) ae … Length of cutting edge engaging in cutting. f k … Cutting edge angle (Angle to be made by cutting edge and work surface) ap ae f … Feed per revolution h … Thickness to be cut per revolution kWork surface Machined surface … Workpiece surface after having machined. h Work surface … Workpiece surface to be cut. ᭹Effect of side cutting edge angle ᭹Honing TAC indexable inserts of steel cutting grades are honed. Honing specifications are shown in the following table. Edge condition Shape Sharp edge Round honing Chamfered honing 0° 15° 30° In the cutting of same feed, as the side cutting edge angle increases, the chip thickness decreases. h0Ͼh1Ͼh2 ᭹Effects of tool geometry on cutting phenomena Phenomena FlankIncreasingwear Craterwear Edgestrength CuttingforceSurfacefinish Chattering Cutting edge Chip shapetemperatureand flow Cutting edge inclination – Decrease Lower Radial force decrease – Less tendency Lower Effect onflow direction Side rake angle – Decrease Lower Decrease – – Lower Effect onshape Relief angle Decrease – Lower Decrease – Likely to occur Lower – End cutting edge angle Decrease – Lower Radial force decrease Roughen Less tendency Lower – Side cutting edge angle Decrease Decrease Increase Radial force decrease – Likely to occur Increase Decreasethickness Nose radius Decrease to some level Increase Increase Improve Likely to occur Increase Effect onflow direction Honing width Increase – Increase Increase – Likely to occur Increase – L028 www.tungaloy.com