Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N) Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N) Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N)Cutting force (N) GradeInsertExt. ToolholderInt. ToolholderThreadingGroovingMiniature toolMilling cutterEndmillDrilling toolTooling SystemUser's GuideIndex User’s Guide - Technical Reference A Tu r n i n g To o l s Relations between cutting force and cutting conditions or cutting phenomena B Condition Grey cast iron (HB130) Stainless steel (HB145) Carbon steel (HB230) 1000Cutting speed andNegative900cutting force800 1500 1400140013001300Negative1200Negative C f = 0.2 mm/rev Positive700 1200 1100 ap = 2 mm 600Side cutting edgeangle 0°Corner radius RE 0.4406080100 1201100 Positive406080100 120 Positive1000406080100 120 D Cutting speed: Vc (m/min) Cutting speed: Vc (m/min) Cutting speed: Vc (m/min) Depth of cut and 2500 2500 2500 cutting force 2000 2000Vc = 100 m/min1500Negative1500Negative 2000 Negative1500 E f = 0.2 mm/rev 1000Side cutting edge500Positive 1000 Positive500 1000 Positive500 angle 0°Corner radius RE 0.4 0 1 2 3 4 5Depth of cut: ap (mm) 0 1 2 3 4 5Depth of cut: ap (mm) 0 1 2 3 4 5Depth of cut: ap (mm)F 2500 2500 2500 Feed and cutting force 2000 2000 2000 Vc = 100 m/minap = 2 mm 1500 NegativeSide cutting edgeangle 0°1000500Positive 1500 Negative1000Positive 1500 Negative1000Positive G500500 Corner radius RE 0.4 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5Feed: f (mm/rev) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5Feed: f (mm/rev) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5Feed: f (mm/rev) H Corner radius and 1000 1000 1000 cutting force 800 Negative 800 Negative 800 Negative Vc = 100 m/min 600 600 Positive 600 Positivef = 0.2 mm/rev400Positive400400ap = 1.2 mm200200200I Side cutting edge angle 0° 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 Corner radius (mm)1200Side cutting edge angle Corner radius (mm)1400 Corner radius (mm)1400 J and cutting force 1100 Negative 1300 Negative 1300 Negative Vc = 100 m/min 1000 1200f = 0.2 mm/rev9001100Positiveap = 2 mm800Positive100012001100 Positive1000 K Corner radius RE 0.4 45° 30° 15° 0° 45° 30° 15° 0° 45° 30° 15° 0° Side rake angle andcutting force Side cutting edge angle1200 Side cutting edge angle1400 Side cutting edge angle1400 L 1000 1200 1200 Vc = 100 m/min 800 1000 1000 f = 0.2 mm/rev 600ap = 2 mmSide cutting edge 800600 800600 M angle 0° −10° 0° 15° −10° 0° 15° −10° 0° 15° Corner radius RE 0.2 Side rake angle Side rake angle Side rake angle * 9.8N = 1kgf Tungaloy L029