Tool Failure and Remedies

■ Insert Failure and Countermeasures

Type of Insert FailureCauseCountermeasures
Flank Wear· Grade lacks wear resistance. · Cutting speed is too fast. · Feed rate is far too slow.· Select a more wear-resistant grade. P30→P20→P10 K20→K10→K01 · Use an insert with a larger rake angle. · Decrease the cutting speed · Increase feed rates.
Crater Wear· Grade lacks crater wear resistance. · Rake angle is too small. · Cutting speed is too fast. · Feed rate and depth of cut are too large.· Select a more crater-wear-resistant grade. · Use an insert with a larger rake angle. · Change the chipbreaker. · Decrease the cutting speed · Reduce feed rates and depth of cut.
Chipping· Grade lacks toughness. ·Cutting edge breaks off due to chip build-up. · Cutting edge lacks toughness.· Select a tougher grade. P10→P20→P30 K01→K10→K20 · Increase amount of honing on cutting edge.
· Feed rate and depth of cut are too large.· Reduce rake angle. · Reduce feed rates and depth of cut.
Fracture· Grade lacks toughness.· Select a tougher grade. P10→P20→P30
· Cutting edge lacks toughness. · Holder lacks toughness. · Feed rate is too fast. · Depth of cut is too large.K01→K10→K20 ·Select a chipbreaker with a strong cutting edge. ·Select a holder with a larger approach angle. · Select a holder with a larger shank size. · Reduce feed rates and depth of cut.
Welding or Built-up Edge· Inappropriate grade selection. · Dull cutting edge. · Cutting speed is too slow. · Feed rate is too slow.·Select a grade with less affinity to the work material like coated carbide or cermet grades. · Select a grade with a smooth coating. · Use an insert with a larger rake angle. · Reduce amount of honing. · Increase cutting speeds. · Increase feed rates.
Plastic Deformation· Grade lacks thermal resistance. · Cutting speed is too fast. · Feed rate is too fast. · Depth of cut is too large. · Not enough cutting fluid.· Select a more crater-wear-resistant grade. · Use an insert with a larger rake angle. · Decrease the cutting speed · Reduce feed rates and depth of cut. · Supply sufficient amount of coolant.
Notch Wear· Grade lacks wear resistance.· Select a wear-resistant grade. P30→P20→P10 K20→K10→K01
· Rake anle is too small· Use an insert with a larer rake anle
g . · Cutting speed is too fast.g g. ·Alter depth of cut to shift the notch location.