Flank wearCrater wearNotch wearFractureChippingFlakingPlasticdeformationChip weldingBuilt-up edgeThermalcracking GradeInsertExt. ToolholderInt. ToolholderThreadingGroovingMiniature toolMilling cutterEndmillDrilling toolTooling SystemUser's GuideIndex User’s Guide - Technical Reference A Tu r n i n g To o l s Tr o u b l e s h o o t i n g in turningTypical tool failure Countermeasure B Tool grade Cutting conditions • Change to more wear resistant • Reduce cutting speed • Decrease honing width grades • Change to appropriate feed • Increase relief angleP, M, K30 / 20 / 10• Change to wet cutting• Increase end cutting edge angle• Increase corner radius• Select free-cutting chipbreakerC • Increase rake angle • Change to more wear resistant • Reduce cutting speedgrades• Reduce feed• Reduce depth of cutP, M, K30 / 20 / 10• Change to wet cutting• Increase rake angle• Select an appropriate chipbreaker• Increase side cutting edge angle• Increase corner radiusD • Change to more wear resistant • Reduce cutting speedgrades• Reduce feedP, M, K30 / 20 / 10• Increase rake angle• Increase side cutting edge angleE • Change to tougher grades• Change to thermal-shockresistant grades• Reduce feed• Reduce rake angle• Reduce depth of cut• Select a chipbreaker with high edge• Improve holding rigidity of workstrengthand tool• Increase honing widthF P, M, K10 / 20 / 30 • Reduce overhang length of • Increase side cutting edge angle toolholder • Select larger shank size • Change to tougher gradesP, M, K10 / 20 / 30• Improve looseness in machine • Increase corner radius• Reduce cutting speed• Reduce feed• Reduce depth of cut• Improve holding rigidity of workand tool• Reduce overhang length of• Reduce rake angle• Select a chipbreaker with high edgestrength• Increase honing width• Increase side cutting edge angleG toolholder • Select larger shank size• Improve looseness in machine• Change to tougher grades• Reduce cutting speed• Reduce rake angleH P, M, K10 / 20 / 30 • Reduce feed • Increase corner radius• Increase honing width • Change to more wear resistant • Reduce cutting speed • Increase relief angle I grade • Change to appropriate feed • Increase rake angle P, M, K30 / 20 / 10 • Reduce depth of cut • Reduce corner radius• Supply cutting fluid in adequate• Reduce side cutting edge anglevolume• Select a free-cutting chipbreakerJ • Use a grade which has a lowtendency to adhere toworkpiece material• Increase cutting speed• Increase rake angleCemented carbide /• Increase feed• Change to water-insoluble• Select a free-cutting chipbreaker• Decrease honing widthK Coated carbide or cutting fluid cermet • Change to wet cutting L • Change to tougher grades• Change to thermal-shockresistant grades• Reduce cutting speed• Increase rake angle• Reduce feed• Select a free-cutting chipbreaker• Change to dry cutting• Decrease honing width• Supply cutting fluid in adequatevolumeP, M, K10 / 20 / 30• Reduce depth of cutM • Change to water-insoluble cutting fluid Tungaloy L037