InsertExt. ToolholderInt. ToolholderThreadingGroovingMiniature toolMilling cutterEndmillDrilling toolTooling SystemUser's GuideIndex User’s Guide - Technical Reference A Tu r n i n g To o l s Cutting forces(1) Finding from the diagram based on experimental data.(2) In case determining by simplified equation: B F : Cutting force (N) Cutting force in turning Back forceFeed force kc : Specific cutting force (N/mm2)[Refer to the Table below]ap:Depthofcut(mm)f: Feed (mm/rev)C Example : Resultant cutting force Calculating the cutting force when Principal force cutting a high carbon steel (ISO C55)at f = 0.2 mm/rev and ap = 3 mm.F = 3430 ϫ 3 ϫ 0.2 = 2058ND ᭹Calculating power requirement c(kW) Pc : Net power requirement (kW)kc:Specificcuttingforce(N/mm2)[Refer to the Table below]E vc : Cutting speed (m/min) ap : Depth of cutting (mm) Value of specific cutting force (kc) f : Feed (mm/rev) F Workpiece material(JIS) Tensile strength (MPa) Hardness (HB) Value of specific cutting force on feed kc (N/mm2)0.04 (mm/rev)0.1 (mm/rev)0.2 (mm/rev)0.4 (mm/rev)1.0 (mm/rev) SS400, S15C 390 100 3430 2840 2450 2080 1700 S35C, S40C 590S50C, SCr430785SCM440, SNCM4399801702303004220 3490 2940 2500 20804900402034302940240053904410378032402650G SDK 1765 ( 56HRC ) 56HRC 8390 6870 5880 5000 4120 FC200 ( 160HB ) 160 2550 1960 1630 1340 1030 FCD600Aluminium alloyAluminium ( 200HB )( 89HB ) 20089 3330 2550 2110 1750 1340135011309508106701050870740640520H Magnesium alloy 390 390 390 390 390 Brass 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 ᭹Bending stress and tool deflection Bending stress I Square shank (1) Square shank S : Bending stress in shank (MPa) ( MPa ) F : Cutting force (N)L: Overhang length of tool (mm)b: Shank width (mm):〔B〕J (2) Round shank h : Shank height (mm):〔H〕 d : Shank diameter (mm):〔DCONMS〕 ( MPa ) E : Modulus of elasticity of shankmaterial (MPa) K Round shank d Tool deflection (mm) 〔 〕The notation in the brackets is the oneused in the catalog (ISO compliant)(1) Square shankL ( mm ) (2) Round shank (Ref.) Values of EMaterialMPa (N/mm2){kgf/mm2} M Steel 210,000 21,000 ( mm ) CementedCarbide560,000~620,00056,000~62,000 Tungaloy L031