FOR FACE MILLING

y FUNCTION OF EACH CUTTING EDGE

ANGLE IN FACE MILLING

Type of AngleSymbolFunctionEffect
Axial Rake AngleGAMPDetermines chip disposal direction.f Positive:Excellent machinability.
Radial Rake AngleGAMFDetermines sharpness.Negative : Excellent chip disposal.
Lead AngleKAPRDetermines chip thickness.Small : Thin chips and small cutting impact. Large back force.
True Rake AngleGAMODetermines actual sharpness.Positive(large) : Excellent machinability. Minimal welding. Negative(large) : Poor machi- nability. Strong cutting edge.
Cutting Edge InclinationLAMSDetermines chip disposal direction.Positive (large) : Excellent chip disposal. Low cutting edge strength.

Lead (GAMP)

Wiper Edge Main Cutting Edge

y STANDARD INSERTS

a Positive and Negative Rake Angle a Standard Cutting Edge Shape

Axial RakeAngleAxial RakeAngleAxial RakeAngle
S Edtandard Cutting ge CombinationsDouble Positive (DP Edge Type) Radial RakeAngleRadial RakeAngle Double Negative (DN Edge Type)Radial RakeAngle Negative/Positive (NP Edge Type)
Axial Rake Angle (GAMP)Positive ( + )Negative ( – )Positive ( + )
Radial Rake Angel (GAMF)Positive ( + )Negative ( – )Negative ( – )
Insert UsedPositive Insert(One Sided Use)Negative Insert(Double Sided Use)Positive Insert(One Sided Use)
rialSteelaa
MateCast Ironaa
orkAluminum Alloya
WDifficult-to-Cut Materialaa
NegativeNeutralPositive
Rake AngleRake AngleRake Angle
  • Insert shape whose cutting edge

y LEAD ANGLE (KAPR) AND CUTTING RESISTANCE

Lead Angle : 90° Lead Angle : 75° Lead Angle : 45°

(N Lead Angle90° Back force is in the minus

PrincipalPrincipalPrincipaldirection. Lifts the work material
ForceForceForce
when work material clamp rigidity is
low.
Feed ForceFeed ForceFeed Force
Lead Angle 90°
Back ForceBack Force
Lead AngleLead Angle 75° is recommended
Back Force75°

fz(IPT) fz(IPT) fz(IPT) for face milling of work material

Work Material : Alloy Steel (281HB) with low rigidity such as thin work Tool : ø4" Single Insert Cutting Conditions : vc=410 SFM ap=.157 inch ae=4.33 inch material. Lead Angle 75°

Cutting Resistance Comparison between

Different Lead Angles

Lead Angle45°The largest back force.P
Back ForceBends thin work material and
Principal Force
lowers cutting accuracy.*
Feed ForceaePrevents work material edgeLead Angle 45°
chipping in cast iron cutting.
Table Feed** Principal force: Force is in the opposite direction of face milling rotation.
* Back force: Force that pushes in the axial direction.

Three Cutting Resistance Forces in Milling Feed Force: Force is in the feed direction and is caused by table feed. P021