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Max. height roughnessTen points mean roughnessArithmetical meanroughness Ra Yp1 Yv1 RpYp2 Yv2 RzYp3 Yv3 Yp4 RvYv4 Yp5 Yv5 Rz(h) Technical information Surface roughness (JIS B 0601-2001) Theoretical (Geometrical) surface roughness Theoretical surface roughness for turning indicates the minimum roughness value from the cutting conditions and it is shown by the formula as follows. f  Rz(h) = f2 x 10 3 8R(RE) R (RE) Rz(h): Theoretical surface roughness [μm] f: Feed rate [mm/rev] R(RE): Corner radius of insert [mm] How to obtain surface roughness values Relationship with triangle symbol Type Symbol How to obtain Explanation Arithmetical Max. heightmean roughnessroughnessRa(μm)Rz(μm)Ten points meanroughnessRzJIS(μm)*(Trianglesymbol) Rz is a mean value in micron meter obtained from the distance of the highest peaks and the lowest valleys within the range of 0.025 0.1 0.1 sampled reference length (" ℓ ") in the direction of the center line m 0.05 0.2 0.2 Rz of the roughness curve.Note)When calculating Rz, extraordinarily high or low 0.1 0.4 0.40.20.80.8 threadsare considered as damages and excluded from ℓ the calculation, and only standard lengths are used. 0.4 1.6 1.6 Rz=Rp+Rv 0.8 3.2 3.2 1.6 6.3 6.3 m 3.2 12.5 12.5 RzJIS is a mean value in micron meter obtained from the distance 6.3 25 25 of 5 highest peaks (Yp) and the 5 lowest valleys (Yv) measured from the center line of the roughness curve within ℓ 12.5 50 50 the range of sampled reference length " ℓ ". 25 100 100 RzJIS Yp1,Yp2,Yp3,Yp4,Yp5:Distance from the mean line to the highest 5 peaks in the range * Finishing symbol (Triangle s and wave~) was removed from of sampled reference length " ℓ " JIS standard in the 1994 Revision. RzJIS= (Yp1+Yp2+Yp3+Yp4+Yp5) +5 (Yv1+Yv2+Yv3+Yv4+Yv5) Yv1,Yv2,Yv3,Yv4,Yv5:Distance from the mean line to the lowest 5 valleys in the rangeof sampled reference length " ℓ " · How to Indicate1. When Ra is 1.6µm1.6µmRa 2. When Rz is 6.3µm 6.3µmRz 3. When RzJIS is 6.3µm 6.3µmRzJIS Ra is obtained from the following formula in micron meter, the roughness curve is expressed by y=f(x), the X-axis is in the Y direction of the center line and the Y-axis is m Ra the vertical magnification of the roughness curve in the range of X sampled reference length " ℓ ". Ra= ∫ 1ℓ  ℓ0 {f(x)} dx ℓ Indication in JIS standard R Example of Ra indication Example of Rz indication 1. When indicating the upper limit only 1. When indicating the upper limit only indicate surface roughness (when upper limit is 6.3µmRa) 6.3 following the parameter symbol. Rz6.3 2. When indicating both lower and upper limit (when upper limit is 6.3µmRa, lower limit is 1.6µmRa) 6.31.6 2. W hen indicating both lower and upper limit indicate surface Rz6.3 ~ 1.6 roughness as (upper limit ~ lower limit) following the parameter symbol. Note: The indications of Ra and Rz are different. Caution-symbols for surface roughness The above information is based on JIS B 0601-2001.However, some symbols were revised as shown in the right table Type Symbol ofJIS B 0601-1994 Symbol ofJIS B 0601-2001 in accordance with ISO Standard from JIS B 0601-2001 version.Ten Points Mean Roughness (Rz) was eliminated from 2001 version Max. heightroughness Ry Rz but it still remains as RzJIS reference, since it was popular in Japan. Ten points meanroughness Rz (RzJIS) Arithmetical meanroughness Ra Ra R7