Material group Brinell hardness HB Tensile strength Rm (N/mm²) Chipping group Correction factor AK1010 VHM TiCN AFA Recommended cutting data Solid carbide end-mill AFA Cutting speed Structure of the material groups Vc (m/min) and identification letters C ≤ 0.25 % annealed 125 428 P1 - - C > 0.25 … ≤ 0.55 % annealed 190 639 P2 - - C > 0.25 … ≤ 0.55 % hardened and tempered 210 708 P3 - - Unalloyed steel C > 0.55 % annealed 190 639 P4 - - C > 0.55 % hardened and tempered 300 1013 P5 - - Machining steel (short-chipping) tempered 220 745 P6 - - annealed 175 591 P7 - - P Low alloyed steel hardened and temperedhardened and tempered 300 1013 P8 - -3801282P9-- hardened and tempered 430 1477 P10 - - annealed 200 675 P11 - - High alloyed steel andhigh alloyed tool steelhardened 300 1013 P12 - - hardened 400 1361 P13 - - ferritic / martensitic, annealed 200 675 P14 - - Stainless steel martensitic, hardened and tempered 330 1114 P15 - - austenitic, chilled 200 675 M1 - - M Stainless steel austenitic, precipitation-hardened (PH) 300 1013 M2 - - austenitic-ferritic, Duplex 230 778 M3 - - ferritic 200 675 K1 - - Malleable cast iron pearlitic 260 867 K2 - - low tensile strength 180 602 K3 - - K Cast iron high tensile strength / austenitic 245 825 K4 - - Cast iron with nodular ferritic 155 518 K5 - - graphite pearlitic 265 885 K6 - - GGV (CGI) 200 675 K7 - - Aluminium alloys not heat treatable 30 - N1 1,9 250 - 400 - 550 280 - 430 - 580 long chipping heat treatable, heat treated 100 343 N2 1,8 200 - 325 - 450 220 - 350 - 480 ≤ 12 % Si, not heat treatable 75 260 N3 1,9 250 - 375 - 500 280 - 405 - 530 Casted aluminium alloys ≤ 12 % Si, aushärtbar, ausgehärtet 90 314 N4 1,7 150 - 250 - 350 170 - 265 - 360 > 12 % Si, not heat treatable 130 447 N5 1,6 100 - 175 - 250 120 - 200 - 280 Magnesium alloys 70 250 N6 1,8 100 - 150 - 200 150 - 185 - 220 Unalloyed, elektrolyte copper 100 343 N7 1,2 90 - 155 - 220 100 - 170 - 240 N Copper and copper alloys(Brass / Bronze)Brass, BronzeCu-alloys, short-chipping 90 314 N8 1,1 90 - 155 - 220 100 - 175 - 250110382N91,180 - 130 - 18090 - 155 - 220 High-tensile, Ampco 300 1013 N10 0,7 60 - 105 - 150 70 - 125 - 180 Lead alloys (without abrasive filling material) - - N11 1,9 50 - 90 - 130 70 - 105 - 140 Duroplastic (without abrasive filling material) - - N12 1,9 90 - 150 - 210 120 - 185 - 250 Plastic glas fibre reinforced GFRP - - N13 1,0 40 - 80 - 120 50 - 95 - 140 Non-ferrous materials Plastic carbon fibre reinforced CFRP - - N14 1,0 40 - 80 - 120 50 - 95 - 140 Plastic aramid fibre reinforced AFRP - - N15 1,0 40 - 80 - 120 50 - 95 - 140 Graphite (tech.) 80 Shore - N16 - - annealed 200 675 S1 - - Fe-Basis heat treated 280 943 S2 - - High temperatureresistant alloys annealed 250 839 S3 - - Ni- or Co-alloyed heat treated 350 1177 S4 - - S casting 320 1076 S5 - -Pure titan200675S6-- Titanium alloys α- and β-alloys, heat treated 375 1262 S7 - - β-alloys 410 1396 S8 - - Wolfram alloys 300 1013 S9 - - Molybdän alloys 300 1013 S10 - - hardened 50 HRC - H1 - - H Hardened steel hardenedhardened 55 HRC - H2 - -60 HRC-H3-- Hardened cast iron hardened 55 HRC - H4 - - The recommended cutting data are only approximate values. It may be necessary to adjust them to each individual machining application. VHM- / PM-HSS Werkzeuge | Solid carbide- / PM-HSS Tools | Outils carbure monobloc / PM-HSS 99