Flank wear width VB (mm)Surface roughness Ra (μm) Interrupted cuttingContinuous cutting Tool life Cutting force (N) Cutting speed (m/min) SUMIBORON Technical Guidance Hardened Steel Machining Application Map of the Various Tool Materials Work Materials and Cutting Speed Recommendations Heavy Coated carbideCermet SUMIBORON Light Ceramic Hardened steel Bearing steel Die steel 40 45 50 55 60 65Workpiece hardness (HRC) Notch wearoccurs easilyWear is quite large. Large wear Influence of Coolant on Tool Life Relation Workpiece Hardness and Cutting Forces Continuous cutting Interrupted cutting 0,3 Dry0,25Non water solubleWater emulsion0,2Water soluble Work material: X155CrVMo12-1Cutting data:vc= 100 m/mindoc = 0,2 mm150 F1 Principal forceF2Feed forcef= 0,1 mm/revF3Back force F2 F3 0,15 100 F1 0,1 In continuous cutting of bearing steel, there is 0,05 not much difference in dry or wet cut. 50 Work material: C105W1 Dry Wet020406080100120140 Cutting data: vc = 120 m/mindoc = 0,2 mm Cutting time (min) f = 0,1 mm/rev 0 10 30 50 70 Work material: 100Cr6 (HRC58~62) For continuous cutting, the influence of Workpiece hardness (HRC) Insert: TPGN160304 coolant on tool life is minimal. However for Cutting data: vc = 100 m/min doc = 0,15 mm interrupted cutting, coolant will shorten thetool life because of thermal cracking. Back force increases substantially for harder work materials. f = 0,1 mm/rev Relation between Flank Wear and Cutting Force Workpiece Hardness on Cutting Force and Accuracy Back force (N) 300200 34CrMo4HRC65 Cutting data: vc = 80 m/mindoc = 0,15 mmf= 0,1 mm/rev Hard Soft Hard Cutting data: vc = 120 m/mindoc = 0,5 mmzonezonezonef= 0,3 mm/revdry C55 Shore hardness (HS) 100 HRC24 70 50 45(HS) 0Principal force (N) 0,05 0,10 30 100 Back force (N) 400 0Feed force (N) 0,05 0,10 For hardened steel machining, 300back force increases substantiallydue to the expansion of flank wear.200External dimension at the soft106Nzone is smaller due to lowercutting forces. 100 Dimension (mm) 0 -10 0 0,05 0,10 -20 Flank wear width VB (mm) Relation Cutting Speed and Surface Roughness Improvement of Surface Roughness by Altering the Feedrate Work material: Constant Feedrate Variable Feedrate BN250 Vc=120BN250 Vc=1500,3BN250 Vc=180 25CrMo4(HRC58~62) Previous edge position f Holder: MTXNR2525 Insert: TNMA160408NU 0,2 Cutting data: vc= 120, 150, 0,1 180 m/min Stationary notch location Shifting notch location doc = 0,15 mm f = 0,045 mm/rev 0 0 40 80 120 160 Wet Machining output (pcs.) At high cutting speeds, surface roughness is more stable. Varying the feedrate spreads the notch location over a larger area, surface finish improves and notch wear decreases. N17 Guidance Technical